acculturation 15
adoption 104
assortative mating 36
attachment theory 40-1, 52
audiotape recording 149
bereavement counselling 144
bond, caretaking 33 (Fig.), 52, 166
bond, heterosexual 33 (Fig.), 52-3, 104-5, 165-6, 175
bonding 52, 59, 102
Bowen Theory 35-8, 160; detriangle 36, 214; differentiation of self 35-8, 213; emotional cutoff 37; family projection process 37; fusion 35-6, 38; integration of self 35; multigenerational transmission process 37-8; nuclear family emotional system 36; pseudoself 35-6; sibling position 38; societal regression 38; solid self 35; triangle 36
clinical examples: adolescent conflict 106, 108, 111, 117-18; alcoholism 133-4; anorexia nervosa 74, 85, 86, 128, 142-3; anxiety state 161-72: cultural conflict 116-17; depression 89-91, 109, 120, 123, 148, 157-8, 161-72, 176, 190; enuresis (bedwetting) 133, 140; family violence 103, 116, 125, 140: frigidity 18-19; marital conflict109, 118-19, 122, 134, 141, 151-2158, 175-92; mental handicap 145, 158; morbid grief 92, 103, 110, 145-6; morbid jealousy 210- 211; non-consummated marriage 109, 156; obsessional fear 137, 172; pre-marital pregnancy 93, 103; schizophrenia 107, 125, 126, 150-1; school phobia 13-14; sexual promiscuity 106, 116, 194; stealing 93; suicidal 120; travel phobia 88; truanting 210-211; vaginismus155-6; wayward child 124-5
conjoint family therapy: definition 13; example 193-211
constitutive 30, 32, 33 (Fig.), 35, 36, 46-9, 60, 118
cross-confrontation 40
divorce: exploration of 104, 141; family pattern of 89-90, 110; threats of 116
double bind 41, 43
educating family members: geneogram and 88-9, 123; to family therapy concepts 119-26, conjoint family patients 124-6, conjoint marital patients 122-4; individual patients 120-1
enmeshed family 136
experiential (action) techniques: position change 150-203; rationale for using 150; roleplay 151-3, 202, 204, 213; sculpting 153-5, 213, 228-9
extended family: authors 221-3; collision of 108, see also family collision; definition 13; therapists' 214; therapy sessions and 93, 176, 182
family: as a multigenerational system 18-19; definition 13; existence as an organism 14-16
family collision: cause of family quandary 87-8, 109, 178; definition 55-7, 108-10;examples of 53, 85, 168, 187, 201, 224;
exploration of 123: family culture and 108-10: Irish vs English 85
family constellation 23, 96, 101-2, 110, 181, 197-8
family evolution 59-60, 65-6 family of origin: author’ 214-24; marital couples and 123-4: therapists' 213-19
family projections 26, 27 (fig.)
family quandary: and family collision 87-8, 118; arrested adolescence 165; assessment 52; definition 15; grief and 58-60, 87, 143; precipitation of 102, 189-90; professional role creating a 118
'family script' 19
family therapist: family of the 212-13; personal insight of 212; styles ofwork 17; therapy for 212; training 212
family therapy: contraindications 119; definition 13; history of 16-17, 34-5
family therapy process 114-31; beginning 127-9; descriptions of, with a marital couple 175-92, with a nuclear family 193-211, with one family member 160-74; ending the therapy 129-30
family therapy referrals: appropriate 117-19; in adult psychiatry 144-5; initial referral 115-119, 161; impoverished 115-16, 194; incorrect 116-17
family therapy sessions 132-5; activity in 127-8, 134, 202, 204; beginning 127, 195-6; investigations 128, 1334, 180-1, 196; physical setting 132; planning in 127, 134, 180-1, 197; reflection 129, 135; terminating 129-30; timing 114, 127, 132; who attends 132-3, 194-5
family training analysis 212-14, 224-27; as apprenticeship 226-7; as therapy 226; 'differentiating a self' 213-14; educational value 225-6; increased empathy and 226; insight and 225; organisation of 224
family transference 25, 26 (Fig.) forced mourning 103, 143-6, 183
geneogram: co-counselling exercise 227-8; construction, dangers 91, 934, definition 68, description of 69, examples of 70-3, family collision 108-10, genetic antecedent 41, 214, illustrations 70, 71, 73, 76, 78, 81, 84, 90, 162, 170, 173, 178, 179, 184, 188, 191, 198, 200, 210, 215, 218, 222, key to symbols 69, process of 74-85, 123-4; uses of: as a self-contained therapy 89-91, 127, 136;blueprint for change 89; bridge between generations 93, 188, control emotions 87, 92, detailed enquiry 86-9, 102, distancing technique 93, educational tool 88-9, 120, 1234, history taking 85, 88, 95, 162, 199, neutralise conflict 92, shared family task 92, 135-6
General System Theory 42; active steady state 31; as applied to a family 324, 39; boundary 30, 33; closed system 31-2, 34; constitutive 30, 32, 33 (Fig.); equifinality 31, 34; equilibrium 31; hierarchical order of open systems 31; hierarchical structure 31; homeostasis 31, 41, 43; open system 31, 34; progressive centralisation 31, 34; progressive mechanisation 31, 34; spatiotemporal system 32, 34; summative 30, 32, 33 (Fig.)
genetic influences 41, 45, 46, 65, 107
'ghosts from the past' 27, 103
grief: morbid 26-7, 40, 57-9, 92, 144, 180, 183; normal 26, 57, 141
home visit 157-8
humour in family sessions 141-3, 204
'hybrid' marriage 178
immigrants: family evolution 66; family quandary 15, 116-17; marital choice 56; names 105-6
Lamarckian Evolution 45, 65
'Little Hans' 234
loss 26-7, 40, 57-62, 1024, see also Grief
marital choice: arranged marriage 53; assortative mating 54; clinical example 534, 123-4, 175-92; complementary mating 54; family collision 55-7; field of eligibility 53; investigation of 104-5; marital valence 55; matrilocal tendency 57; parental image 54-5, 108, 180; 'shotgun wedding’ 56; sibling position 101
marital conflict 109, 118, see also family collision
marital therapy 175-92
moulding: definition 46-8: developmental stages and 27-8: examples 124, 163, 169-70; replacement 60-62; secrets 40
nuclear family: definition 13; therapy of 13-14, 116, 118, 124-5, 132-3, 193-211
paradoxical interventions 139-40, 204: 'divorce session’ as 141
prescribing the symptom 139, 140-1
projective identification 28, 29 (Fig.)
pseudomutuality 41, 43
psychoanalysis 23-30, 32, 212; ‘oedipal complex' 24
replacement: clues to 105, 166, 168, 180; definition 60; examples of 58, 61, 62, 135, 168, 169-70, 190; loss and 59; mulding of a 61; names and 105-8, 135; physical resemblance 105, 107-8, 135; self-fulfilling prophecy 105
reversal 141
schism and skew 41, 43
'search for identity' 214-24
secrets: boundary control 624, 112-13, 169, 218-19; clinical examples 63-4, 103, 133-4, 163-4, 169-70, 185; encapsulated 63, 194; intergenerational 40, 64, 112, 134, 163, 185; in the geneogram 87, 112; power and 112; revealing 133-4, l36, 165, 203; therapist and 112
self-fulfilling prophecy 105, 118
sexual therapy 18-19, 155-7, 194, l97, 206-8
sibling position see also family constellation: family patterns of 110, 181; husband vs wife 101-2; middle children 100, 178; oldest brother of brothers 97, 161-2; oldest brother of sisters 98; oldest sister of brothers 99; oldest sister of sisters 98; only child 100-1, 178; parent vs child 101; theory of 22-3, 38, 96; youngest brother of brothers 97, 161-2; youngest brother of sisters 98; youngest sister of brothers 99-100; youngest sister of sisters 99
sibling rivalry 137, 148, 163, 224
simulated family exercise 229
'skip a generation' pattern: definition 110; paradoxical work and 110
summative 30, 32, 33 (Fig.), 35, 39, 61
task setting 127; aims of 127, 135; changing relationship bounds 136-8, 164, 166-7, 203; infornsation gathering 135-6; learning new behaviour 138-9, 203
therapeutic alliance 126-7, 161; absense of 119, 126
transference 25, 129-30, 160
transgenerational analysis 95-113; definition 14, 39, 95; family collision 108-10, 123; family patterns 110-12, 187, 199-201, 221; origin of 39-40; secrets 112-13; sibling positions 96-102; timing of family exits and entries 102-5
transgenerational passage 49-52, 59, 205
transgenerational theory 45-48; antecedents 21-45, attachment and loss 26-7, 40-1, behavioural theory 41, Bowen theory 34-9, general system theory 30-4; genetics 41, 45, individual psychology 21-3, Paul 39-40, psychoanalytic theories 23-30; associational learning 48-9; bonds 52; constitutive features 48-9; definition 14, 45-6; family collision 55-7; family evolution 65-7; generational limits 19-20; inherited features 46; losses 57-60; moulded features 46-9; passage 51-2; replacements 60-2; secrets 62-5; spouse choice 53-5
treatment failures 130, 172-4, 190-2, 210-11
videotape: equipment 147; feedback 147-8, 186, 204, 208-9; objectivity and 146-8: teaching tool 179-80, 182