Repertory grids
Written & mounted by Chris Evans, if you want to be kept updated by
Email of changes in this and other psychotherapy resources at this site then
Email me!
Mounted 9.i.96, last updated 11.ii.04
*** NEW ***
I have mounted a WWW form that allows you to input the data, element and construct labels and top and bottom ratings,
in order to get an INGRID style analysis done for you. The program is relative untested as yet though it builds on
SAS/IML, S+ and now R scripts I have been using for some time. Use entirely at your own risk and please
Email me problems and suggestions/requests.
You can try the form and program
The program does log your data and host address (to help me deal with it if it is abused) so don't use free text
that could identify someone who wouldn't want to be identified.
Currently it runs on old hardware on a broadband connection so you'll
have to wait a minute or two for the results to be returned to you.
You can see some fictional data analysed if
you don't want to overstress the server or waste your own time typing in data but do want to see what you get out.
*** end of news flash! ***
Repertory grids were an invention of the late George Kelly, see
introduction to grids {3kb}.
They were a part of his much more general Personal Construct Theory. With Malcolm Cross I used to co-administer
the mailbase list devoted to that now administered by Brian Gaines and (I think) Maureen Pope
For information on that list (including the list archive and how to join):
Another excellent resource for people in Europe is the
European Personal Construct Association (E.P.C.A.).
I have mounted my own version of the late Patrick Slater's INGRID program for the
analysis of single grids by construct correlation, inter-element distance and principal
component methods. My version,
ingrid2.sas {19kb}
uses SAS/IML to do the maths. The program is
copyleft: I claim the copyright but you are welcome to copy and distribute it provided
you neither change it nor make a profit. The data currently in the program (but
easily replaced with your own) are from the grid in the
intro. {3kb} noted
above and the full listing
(edited with the construct names shortened to make things easier to read on screen)
is mounted:
ingrid2.lis {16kb} together with the
ingrid2.gif {3kb} file from the SAS/GRAPH
plot of the first two principal components. (This is a very poor GIF, the only way I've
found to get from SAS to GIF quickly is to capture the screenshot using Hi-Jaak Pro which,
as I've also found when getting from PowerPoint 4.0 to GIF) is a very bad way to do things.
If you have SAS/IML and SAS/GRAPH you should get much better plots to screen and hardcopy
much more easily.).
I have mounted some free programs:
There are other programs for grid analysis with their own sites on the WWW
- One is James Legg's WinGrid project at
http://ingrid.netpedia.net/wingrid_html
This is an open source development (i.e. free) though no reference is made to any of the usual open source licences that I could see.
One note on something that can otherwise cause confusion:
for inter-element distances Jim has subtracted INGRID's
"Slater distances" from 1
and multiplied by 100. Slater distances range from 0
(exactly the same ratings on all constructs) to some figure
greater than 1 dependent on the size of the grid, rating scheme
and distribution of ratings. Jim's rescaled values range 100
for elements which received identical ratings on all constructs
(displayed as +99 at least in his earlier program) to some
negative number. Jim says he's never seen a raw Slater distance
greater than 2 (indicating enormous differences in ratings on all
constructs). Hence he regards his rescaled values as going down
to a possible -100, (was displayed as -99). I think I've seen distances
greater than 2 and I think the largest possible Slater distance is
undefined but I'm sure a really good mathematician could tell us a
definitive answer here.
I also have some information on packages that are available commercially.
- G-PACK is a package of GWBASIC routines which will run on just about any PC
under DOS or in a DOS window under Windows. It's very cheap and strongly recommended
by me though it's being superceeded by Richard's more recent freeware programs (GRIDSTAT & GRIDSCAL above). I've mounted a
local copy of the summary info.
go to
original Australian copy
if you think you are (topologically) nearer there in the WWW.
- Courtesy of Guillem Feixas
gfeixas@psi.ub.es
one of its authors, I've mounted some information about the program
GRIDCOR and you can look at his
original information about the program
(in both English and Spanish, the Spanish language version is called RECORD).
If you don't have a frames equipped browser you can look at their
information on the English language version at:
http://www.ub.es/personal/gridcord.htm
and at the Spanish language version at:
http://www.ub.es/personal/record.htm
GRIDCOR offers correspondence analysis, an approach not in the other programs
I know of though present in SPSS. The user interface of GRIDCOR is rather more
sophisticated and friendly than G-PACK which may make it more robust in routine use.
On the other hand, there are analysis options in G-PACK that are not in in GRIDCOR and
addicts will want to have both!
- Grid Analysis Package including INGRID. I believe this classic package written
by the late Patrick Slater is being ported to the PC in something close to its original
form. I'll put up more information here if I can find it.
- Finn Tschudi (and his son?) have written what I believe is an excellent package,
FLEXIGRID though I've never used it. Again, I'll put up more info. if I get it.
I'll be mounting more information and probably more software and resources
in due course. You might like to look at
my review {7kb}
of a book on multidimensional scaling (MDS) which is another excellent
way of analysing grid data. The book comes with simple but powerful
software for MDS which could be applied to grid data and I've written
to the authors to find out if they'd be willing for their programs to
be placed here as "copyleft". Alternatively, you can use the MDS options
in the major mainstream statistics packages. For example, the ALSCAL
parts of SPSS and SAS which I have used, and comparable facilities which
I know exist in SYSTAT and I think in most of the other major packages now.